Research dataset for "Insight into PM2.5 sources by applying Positive Matrix factorization (PMF) at an urban and rural site of Beijing” The given data was collected at an urban (Institute of Atmospheric Physics - IAP) and a rural site (Pinggu-PG) in Beijing as part of the Atmospheric Pollution and Human Health in a Chinese megacity (APHH-Beijing) field campaigns. The campaigns were carried out from 9th November to 11th December 2016 and 22nd May to 24th June 2017. Twenty-four-hour PM2.5 samples were collected every day on pre-baked quartz filters and PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) filters using high volume and medium volume air sampler, and later filters were analysed for organic tracers, OC/EC, ion species and metals. For any further questions, please contact: R.M.HARRISON@bham.ac.uk; D.Srivastava@bham.ac.uk